DOS : Legacy Graphic Output Control

在Dos下想輸出文字到螢幕上，除了呼叫C/C++提供的函數 printf, cout 或 Bios提供的軟體中斷 int 10, 是否有直接控制硬體的方法呢?  答案是有的，可以直接把要顯示的資料搬到A/B Segment。用以下的code來做範例 (Compile using Watcom)

typedef unsigned char BYTE;
typedef unsigned short WORD;
typedef unsigned int DWORD;

 enum Colour{ BLACK=0, BLUE, GREEN, CYAN, RED, MAGNETA, BROWN, LGRAY, \
   DGRAY=8, LBLUE, LGREEN, LCYAN, LRED, LMAGNETA, YELLOW, WHITE};
 
#define COLOUR(forecolour, backcolour)  ((backcolour) << 4 | (forecolour) & 0x0F)

 void WriteString(int y, int x, BYTE colour, char *string)
 {
     volatile WORD *pvram;
     
     for (DWORD i=0;string[i]!=0; x++, i++) {
       pvram = (volatile WORD *)0xB8000 + y * 80 + x;
       *pvram = (BYTE)string[i] | colour << 8;
     }
 }
 

 void WriteCharacter(int y, int x, BYTE colour, BYTE ch)
 {
      volatile WORD * pvram;
      pvram = (volatile WORD *)0xB8000 + (y * 80 + x) ;
      *pvram = ch | (colour << 8);
 }

 int main()
{
     WriteCharacter(1,0, COLOUR(RED, BLACK), 'H');    
     WriteCharacter(1,1, COLOUR(RED, BLACK), 'i');
     WriteString(1, 3, COLOUR(GREEN, BLACK), "Martin.");
}

在螢幕座標(y,x) = (1, 0) 秀出 Hi Martin.

ps. 如果想畫一個點陣圖請參考 mode 13h, 解析度為320*200, 256色, 透過寫入A000:0來完成

題外話, 我用了以上的技巧寫了一個Dos版的source code Editor, 名稱叫E editor (下圖)。 平常工作時都會開個Dos模擬器跑Dos tool，享受Dos單純的美。

Key:
F1: Copy Line
F2: Paste Line
F3: Delete Line
F10: Save File

下載: (password: martinlee)
E Editor